Использование английских слов во вьетнамских СМИ

Vietnamese language has appeared for a long time and it has a long history of development. However, like other languages, Vietnamese language always moves to change in accordance with the requirements of modern life. Language contacts and borrowing are a common phenomenon in almost all languages in the world.

Today, in the context of globalization, English is considered a global language. English is one of the most important foreign languages taught in schools in most non-native English-speaking countries in the world. Since then, a lot of English elements have penetrated into other languages, including Vietnamese. English words have been incorporated into Vietnamese with a high speed and in large quantities.

In lexicology, a loanword (also spelled loan word) is a word imported into one language from another language. These words are also called a borrowed word or a borrowing (Richard, 2019).

Almost all languages in the world have borrowed words, because one language does not have enough words to define all concepts. Therefore, borrowing words from one language to another is an indispensable trend in the process of cultural exchange and integration. However, it is necessary to be careful in using borrowed words to avoid losing the identity of the language receiving those words. If we want to achieve this goal, we should only use borrowed words when our language does not have suitable alternative words or alternative words are too long and complicated.

Loanwords play relatively important roles in Vietnamese language. They supplement new words that were not available in Vietnamese before. They also create words with different nuances of meaning from words in Vietnamese. The borrowed words are often more formal and have fuller meaning.

Nowadays it is easy to see loanwords in many areas of our life, especially in the media. To clarify the use of English words in Vietnamese newspapers, some articles of the Vietnamese electronic newspapers, such as: “Vietnamnet, Dantri, VnExpress, Hoahoctro Magazine, Vietnamese Students, Tuoitre Online, Thanhnien Online, Kenh14” and some Vietnamese television programmes were studied. They are popular newspapers in Vietnam which have a large audience of young people and students. 30 articles were randomly selected and were divided into 6 topics, including: politics - society, education, daily life, economics, culture and entertainment, technology. Each topic has 5 articles, and each article has about 400-600 words. The survey of the number of English words appearing in articles will give us an overview of using English words in Vietnamese newspapers today.

On the basis of 277 words in the statistical table, it is found that there are words repeated many times in different articles, such as: internet, wifi, virus, online, hacker, website, email, comment, view, stress, show, showbiz, fan, fanpage, like, clip, MC, module, top, marketing, module, shopping... Among these words, there are some words appearing on many different topics, such as: website, online, stress, show, top, marketing, module, MC... These words appear from political and social articles to topics about life, economics, culture and entertainment.