A variety of Non-verb USES of the Multifunctional Word "DE (得)" in Dingcheng Dialect of Changde City of Hunan Province

Abstract The usage of “de（得)” in Dingcheng dialect other than verbs is the same as the structural auxiliary word in the middle supplement phrase of “de（得)” in Putonghua. There are also 5 special usages: interjection, capable auxiliary, dynamic auxiliary, preposition, and tone word. Interjections are used in unsatisfactory situations to express helpless blame and communicative reminders, which are similar to “ai (哎)” and “nuo (喏)” in Putonghua. The verbal auxiliary word is used to indicate the possibility, and the meaning is close to the verb “neng（能）, can (可以)” in Putonghua. Used as a dynamic auxiliary word to indicate the completion of an action or state, which corresponds to “le (了)” in Putonghua. As a preposition, it leads to the location of the action, the object involved and the agent, which are close to the Putonghua Chinese “zai（在）”, “dao (到)” and “bei (被)”. Modal particles express changes in the state of affairs and the tone of reminders through different tones, corresponding to the “le（了)” and "ne（呢）" in Putonghua. The multifunctional usage of “de（得)” in Dingcheng dialect also reflects the mixed colors of Mandarin and Xiang dialect.